Adult ADHD Medication
ADHD medication is a tool to treat symptoms, but it's not a cure. Psychological interventions, especially in the most deprived areas are suggested.
NHS prescriptions for CNS stimulants, and ADHD medications quadrupled during the Covid pandemic compared to previous years. However, the differences in prescribing and referrals are evident by the region.
What is ADHD?
Untreated ADHD can cause problems in a variety of areas of an individual's life. They may experience difficulties in their work and relationships, and may be struggling with self-esteem and feeling of well-being. They may be at risk of developing a number of comorbid disorders like anxiety, depression or substance misuse.
To be diagnosed with ADHD an individual must show at minimum five of the following symptoms:
The primary symptoms of ADHD that are characterized by inattention include:
Inability to concentrate on school or work. Making careless mistakes at work or on homework assignments. You might find it difficult to complete tasks or get bored quickly. It is possible that you have trouble remembering important information, such as phone numbers or dates. Trouble with household chores like chores, or responsibilities around the house. Trouble keeping the time, or missing appointments and meetings. You have difficulty sitting still for long periods of time. Finding it difficult to pay attention to others when speaking to them or appearing to be ignoring them.
People suffering from ADHD who have the primary hyperactive symptoms will exhibit some of the following symptoms and signs:
Hyperactivity and impulsivity can make it hard to get organized and complete everyday tasks, which is why some people with ADHD have strategies to disguise their challenges. They may not discuss their symptoms with family or acquaintances, and may not seek help until their problems become so severe that they affect their quality of life.
Having ADHD can be difficult to manage in the early years of the early years, but it may not cause issues until the age of adulthood when new demands and stresses become a factor. It is possible that symptoms are not noticed by parents and teachers, or they may be misdiagnosed with mental health issues, such as depression, anxiety or substance use disorder.
In order to be diagnosed with ADHD, a healthcare professional will evaluate the patient using clinical interviews and behavioral scales, and take into account family history, current medical conditions and other possible causes for a person's challenges. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence will then utilize the criteria to arrive at a diagnosis.
Adults suffering from ADHD are often treated with medication. Most commonly prescribed medications include stimulants. These increase the levels in the brain of specific neurotransmitters and improve concentration, impulsivity and hyperactivity, as well as reducing hyperactivity. They can be taken orally, or by injection, and a psychiatrist will evaluate the effects of medications and adjust dosages to determine the optimal balance for each person.
Support groups, behavioral therapy and lifestyle modifications are other non-medication treatments for adults suffering from ADHD. A healthy diet, regular exercise and routines and avoiding caffeine, sugar or alcohol during the hours before bed can help to reduce symptoms. Some adults might find that hiring a job coach is useful for helping them manage their symptoms at work. Additionally, the Department for Work and Pensions has a scheme called Access to Work which can provide financial and practical support to help with workplace adjustments.
Stimulant drugs
Stimulant drugs are the most common type of medication used to treat ADHD. These are designed to alter the levels of neurotransmitters inside the brain that influence attention and hyperactivity. They work quickly and can be working within 45-60 minutes.
These medications are the first option for those diagnosed with ADHD. adhd and anxiety medication are relatively safe, and generally tolerated. They have been proven to reduce the symptoms of ADHD such as hyperactivity, inattention, and an impulsiveness. They are not a remedy and should only be utilized in combination with psychoeducation, therapy, and ongoing support.
These medications may cause side effects. These can include loss of appetite, trouble sleeping and a reduction in heart rate and blood pressure. These medicines may also increase the risk for seizures in adolescents and children. These medicines may also cause sudden death in those suffering from heart conditions that are underlying, such as cardiomyopathy and conduction disorder.
Stimulants and non-stimulants are both approved medications to treat adult ADHD. Stimulants are substances that stimulate the body's systems and in small doses have been found to have beneficial effects on the fundamental characteristics of ADHD. Three stimulant medications are approved in the UK; Methylphenidate (e.g. Ritalin Concerta, Ritalin) and two classes of amphetamine-based drugs, dexamfetamine (e.g. Adderall, Dexedrine and lisdexamfetamine are two classes of amphetamine-based drugs. Elvanse, Vyvanse). There is also a 'prodrug' drug that has a protein molecule which the body eliminates to release dexamfetamine. This is Atomoxetine.
Non-stimulants, such as guanfacine and atomoxetine, are not used as often, but can be very efficient. These work by strengthening the chemical signal between nerves that depend on the neurotransmitters noradrenaline, and dopamine to transmit messages. They may take longer to work than stimulants, however they can be extremely beneficial for those with comorbid ADHD, anxiety or depression.
The most important aspect to consider when selecting the appropriate drug is for an individual to be formally diagnosed by a specialist psychiatrist who has experience of working with neurodevelopmental issues. This should be done before beginning any new medication. It is also a great idea to have an experienced doctor who can help you with the medication by scheduling regular appointments. These are particularly important when considering starting new medications as a GP can check for potential issues that may arise at the beginning of treatment.
GPs are also able to detect and report symptoms of ADHD. These symptoms can be used to determine whether further investigation is needed and which treatments are most suitable.
For those with undiagnosed ADHD it is crucial to note that the diagnosis of ADHD in adults can have a serious impact on a person's life and work, as well as relationships. If you are not diagnosed and untreated can develop far-reaching negative, lasting effects that may be difficult to reverse. Therefore, if you think your child or you may be suffering from ADHD it is crucial to speak with your GP as soon as possible.